Symplast and Apoplast Transport in Plants

Passage of water and Solute in Roots


Water and ions are taken up from the soil, move radially through the cortex to endodermis to the stele. There are two anatomical pathways of water and mineral ion uptake in roots.

1.Symplast Pathway:

  • Water and mineral ions move across the root hair plasma membrane and immediately enter the root hair cytoplasm.
  • They then travel cell-to-cell via plasmodesmata through the cortex, endodermis, and into the stele.
  • The “decision” on which ions the plant takes up is made at the root hair.

2.Apoplast pathway:

  • Water and ions passively enter the cell wall space of the cortex and diffuse to the cell wall space of the endodermis.
  • There, the Casparian strip blocks further apoplastic movement, and the ions must be transported across the plasma lemma of the endodermal cells to enter the symplasm and move on to the stele.
  • In this case, the “decision” on which ions the plant takes up is made at the endodermis.

SUMMARY:

APOPLAST TRANSPORT: The transfer of minerals from epidermis to vascular tissue by diffusion through intercellular spaces

SYMPLAST TRANSPORT: The transfer of minerals from epidermis to vascular tissue by absorption by into cytoplasm and transport cells to cell through plasmodesmata

 

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